10 Alternatives to 12-Step Programs

Written by Steve Rose

Steve Rose, PhD, is an addiction counsellor and former academic researcher, committed to conveying complex topics in simple language.

You’ve made a courageous decision to seek help for your addiction, but you’re not quite sure if the traditional 12-step program is the right fit for you. Perhaps it’s the spiritual aspect, the focus on a higher power, or simply the structure of the program that doesn’t resonate with you. Regardless of the reason, you’re not alone in seeking an alternative path to recovery. As you embark on this journey, it’s essential to find a support system that aligns with your beliefs, values, and individual needs.

In this article, we’ll explore a wide range of peer support group alternatives to 12-step programs, giving you the tools to make an informed decision about your recovery path. We’ll delve into the core principles, meeting formats, and effectiveness of each alternative, providing you with a comprehensive guide to help you discover the support group that’s best suited for you.

SMART Recovery

SMART Recovery Self-Management and Recovery Training (SMART) Recovery is a science-based, secular support group that focuses on empowering individuals to overcome addiction by teaching self-reliance and evidence-based coping skills. Established in 1994, SMART Recovery aims to help individuals gain independence from a wide range of addictive behaviors, including substance abuse, gambling, and eating disorders.

At the core of SMART Recovery is the 4-Point Program, which emphasizes four essential components for successful recovery:

  1. Building and maintaining motivation: Participants learn to identify and strengthen their reasons for change, thus fostering a strong foundation for lasting recovery.
  2. Coping with urges: Participants develop tools and strategies to manage cravings and resist the temptation to engage in addictive behaviors.
  3. Managing thoughts, feelings, and behaviors: Participants learn problem-solving and emotional management techniques to handle challenges in a healthier manner.
  4. Living a balanced life: Participants work on creating a more balanced and fulfilling lifestyle to replace their addictive behaviors with healthier habits.

Meetings and online resources SMART Recovery offers both in-person and online meetings. In-person meetings typically involve group discussions, skill-building exercises, and sharing of personal experiences. Online meetings are held via video conferencing, providing accessibility to those who cannot attend in-person sessions. SMART Recovery also offers various online resources, including an active forum, chat rooms, and educational materials to support participants in their recovery journey.

Numerous studies have shown the effectiveness of SMART Recovery in helping individuals achieve and maintain sobriety. Some key benefits of the program include:

  1. A focus on self-empowerment and self-reliance, which helps participants build confidence and take responsibility for their recovery.
  2. A science-based approach that continuously incorporates the latest research findings to ensure the program remains relevant and effective.
  3. A flexible structure that allows participants to tailor the program to their specific needs and goals.
  4. The secular nature of the program, which makes it appealing to those who prefer a non-religious approach to recovery.

Overall, SMART Recovery offers a comprehensive and evidence-based alternative to 12-step programs, providing support and guidance for individuals seeking a more self-reliant and science-driven path to recovery.

LifeRing Secular Recovery

LifeRing Secular Recovery, founded in 1997, is a non-religious, abstinence-based recovery support group that promotes personal growth and empowerment for individuals struggling with addiction. LifeRing aims to create a safe and inclusive space for individuals to find their own path to recovery while fostering a supportive community.

LifeRing’s approach to recovery is based on the 3-S Philosophy, which consists of the following principles:

  1. Sobriety: LifeRing promotes complete abstinence from addictive substances and behaviors, as this is considered the foundation of a successful recovery.
  2. Secularity: LifeRing is a secular organization, meaning it does not endorse or oppose any religious beliefs. This inclusive approach allows individuals from all backgrounds to feel welcome and supported in their recovery journey.
  3. Self-help: LifeRing encourages individuals to take charge of their recovery by developing their own personal recovery plan, tailored to their unique needs and circumstances.

LifeRing offers both in-person and online meetings. In-person meetings typically consist of open discussions, during which participants share their experiences, challenges, and successes in recovery. Online meetings are conducted through video conferencing and provide an accessible alternative for those unable to attend in-person sessions.

LifeRing also provides various online resources, including email discussion groups, a vibrant online community, and a comprehensive collection of literature and recovery tools to assist individuals throughout their recovery journey.

While there are limited formal studies specifically evaluating LifeRing’s effectiveness, many participants have reported positive outcomes and experiences with the program. Key benefits of LifeRing Secular Recovery include:

  1. A non-judgmental, inclusive environment that supports individuals of diverse backgrounds and beliefs.
  2. A strong emphasis on personal empowerment, encouraging participants to take control of their recovery and develop a plan that works best for them.
  3. A focus on the present and future, rather than dwelling on past mistakes or failures, which can foster a more optimistic and forward-thinking mindset.
  4. A supportive community that offers encouragement, understanding, and shared experiences, promoting a sense of belonging and connection.

LifeRing Secular Recovery offers a valuable alternative to 12-step programs for those seeking a secular, self-directed approach to addiction recovery. By fostering personal empowerment and providing a supportive community, LifeRing helps individuals find their unique path to sobriety and a healthier life.

Refuge Recovery

Refuge Recovery is a non-profit, peer-led addiction recovery support group founded in 2014, which utilizes Buddhist-inspired principles and practices to help individuals overcome addiction. The program emphasizes mindfulness, compassion, and personal growth as key components of the recovery process. Refuge Recovery welcomes people from all spiritual backgrounds and is adaptable to anyone seeking a non-traditional path to recovery.

Refuge Recovery’s approach is centered around the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism and the Eightfold Path, which provide a framework for understanding and overcoming addiction. The program focuses on the following key principles:

  1. Understanding the nature of suffering: Acknowledging that addiction causes suffering and recognizing the need for change.
  2. Identifying the cause of suffering: Exploring the underlying causes and conditions that contribute to addictive behaviors.
  3. Recognizing the possibility of recovery: Believing that freedom from addiction is achievable through personal transformation and growth.
  4. Following the Eightfold Path: Implementing mindfulness, ethical conduct, and mental discipline as practical tools to foster recovery and personal development.

Refuge Recovery offers both in-person and online meetings. In-person meetings generally consist of meditation practices, group discussions, and readings from the program’s literature. Online meetings provide an accessible option for those unable to attend in-person sessions and follow a similar format to the face-to-face meetings.

Additionally, Refuge Recovery offers a variety of online resources, including a podcast, literature, and an active online community where individuals can connect and support one another throughout their recovery journey.

Although there are limited formal studies on the effectiveness of Refuge Recovery, many participants report positive outcomes and personal growth through the program. Some key benefits of Refuge Recovery include:

  1. A holistic approach that addresses the physical, mental, and spiritual aspects of addiction and recovery.
  2. An emphasis on mindfulness and meditation, which can help individuals develop healthy coping mechanisms and improve emotional regulation.
  3. A compassionate, non-judgmental environment that encourages self-reflection, personal growth, and healing.
  4. The adaptability of the program, making it suitable for individuals of various spiritual backgrounds or those seeking a non-religious path to recovery.

Refuge Recovery provides a unique and holistic approach to addiction recovery, drawing on Buddhist principles and practices to foster personal growth, mindfulness, and healing. For individuals seeking an alternative to 12-step programs, Refuge Recovery can offer a supportive, compassionate, and empowering path to sobriety and a healthier life.

Celebrate Recovery

Celebrate Recovery is a Christ-centered, 12-step recovery program founded in 1991, aimed at helping individuals overcome various forms of addiction, hurts, and unhealthy behaviors. The program integrates biblical principles with the traditional 12-step model, offering a spiritual approach to recovery for those seeking a faith-based support system.

The Christ-centered 12 steps and biblical comparisons Celebrate Recovery adapts the traditional 12-step program by incorporating biblical teachings and references. Each step is paired with a relevant scripture to highlight its spiritual foundation:

  1. Admitting powerlessness over addiction (Romans 7:18)
  2. Believing in a higher power, represented by God (Philippians 2:13)
  3. Surrendering to God’s will (Matthew 11:28-30)
  4. Conducting a personal moral inventory (Lamentations 3:40)
  5. Confessing one’s wrongs (James 5:16)
  6. Becoming ready for God to remove character defects (James 4:10)
  7. Asking God to remove shortcomings (1 John 1:9)
  8. Making a list of people harmed and becoming willing to make amends (Luke 6:31)
  9. Making amends whenever possible (Matthew 5:23-24)
  10. Continuing personal inventory and admitting wrongs (1 Corinthians 10:12)
  11. Seeking connection with God through prayer and meditation (Colossians 3:16a)
  12. Carrying the message of recovery to others (Galatians 6:1)

Celebrate Recovery meetings typically begin with a large group gathering, which includes worship, a teaching or testimony, and the recitation of the program’s principles. Afterward, participants split into smaller, gender-specific share groups for open discussion and support. Some locations also offer step-study groups, where participants engage in a more in-depth exploration of the program’s steps.

Celebrate Recovery provides various online resources, such as literature, testimonies, and a meeting locator. While online meetings are not officially endorsed by the program, some groups have independently organized virtual meetings for those unable to attend in-person sessions.

Although there are limited formal studies evaluating the effectiveness of Celebrate Recovery, many participants report positive experiences and success in overcoming addiction through the program. Key benefits of Celebrate Recovery include:

  1. A faith-based approach that resonates with individuals seeking spiritual growth and healing in their recovery journey.
  2. A supportive, non-judgmental environment that encourages connection and a sense of belonging.
  3. A comprehensive program that addresses various forms of addiction, hurts, and unhealthy behaviors.
  4. A strong emphasis on accountability and personal responsibility, which can help foster lasting change.

Celebrate Recovery offers a faith-based alternative to traditional 12-step programs, providing a supportive community for individuals seeking a Christ-centered approach to addiction recovery. By incorporating biblical principles and teachings, the program can be a powerful source of spiritual growth and healing for those committed to their recovery journey.

Women for Sobriety

Women for Sobriety (WFS) is a non-profit organization founded in 1975, dedicated to helping women overcome addiction through a self-help program designed specifically to address the unique needs of women in recovery. WFS aims to empower women to develop emotional and spiritual growth, promoting a holistic approach to recovery that focuses on building self-esteem, self-worth, and personal responsibility.

The WFS program is centered around 13 Acceptance Statements that serve as guiding principles for personal growth and recovery. These statements focus on self-affirmation, positive thinking, and emotional healing, encouraging women to replace self-destructive behaviors with healthier coping mechanisms:

  1. I have a life-threatening problem that once had me.
  2. Negative thoughts destroy only myself.
  3. Happiness is a habit I will develop.
  4. Problems bother me only to the degree I permit.
  5. I am what I think.
  6. Life can be ordinary or it can be great.
  7. Love can change the course of my world.
  8. The fundamental object of life is emotional and spiritual growth.
  9. The past is gone forever.
  10. All love given returns.
  11. Enthusiasm is my daily exercise.
  12. I am a competent woman, and have much to give life.
  13. I am responsible for myself and for my actions.

WFS offers both in-person and online meetings. In-person meetings typically involve group discussions, sharing of personal experiences, and reflection on the 13 Acceptance Statements. Online meetings are held through video conferencing and provide a convenient option for those unable to attend face-to-face sessions.

WFS also offers various online resources, including a vibrant forum, literature, and other materials to support women in their recovery journey.

While there are limited formal studies evaluating the effectiveness of Women for Sobriety, many participants have reported positive experiences and successful recovery through the program. Some key benefits of WFS include:

  1. A gender-specific program tailored to address the unique needs and challenges faced by women in recovery.
  2. A focus on personal growth, self-esteem, and emotional healing, which can promote lasting change and empowerment.
  3. A supportive, non-judgmental environment that encourages connection and a sense of belonging among participants.
  4. A holistic approach that emphasizes emotional, mental, and spiritual well-being.

Women for Sobriety provides a valuable alternative to traditional 12-step programs for women seeking a supportive, gender-specific community that focuses on personal growth and empowerment. By addressing the unique needs and challenges faced by women in recovery, WFS offers an inclusive and nurturing environment for healing and personal development.

Secular Organizations for Sobriety (SOS)

Secular Organizations for Sobriety (SOS), also known as Save Our Selves, is a non-profit network of autonomous addiction recovery support groups founded in 1985. SOS offers a secular alternative to traditional 12-step programs, focusing on self-empowerment and personal responsibility in the recovery process. The program is open to individuals seeking recovery from various forms of addiction and welcomes people of all backgrounds and beliefs.

The SOS Guidelines for Sobriety SOS promotes a set of guidelines for maintaining sobriety, emphasizing personal responsibility, and offering practical tools to support recovery. These guidelines include:

  1. Achieving and maintaining abstinence from addictive substances and behaviors.
  2. Acknowledging and accepting personal responsibility for one’s own recovery.
  3. Seeking and providing support from others in the recovery process.
  4. Prioritizing sobriety and recovery in all aspects of life.
  5. Developing and utilizing healthy coping strategies to manage stress, emotions, and challenges.
  6. Encouraging honest and open communication in recovery discussions.

SOS offers both in-person and online meetings. In-person meetings typically involve open discussions, sharing of personal experiences, and the exchange of practical recovery strategies. Online meetings, conducted through video conferencing, provide an accessible option for those unable to attend face-to-face sessions.

SOS also provides various online resources, such as literature, articles, and a meeting locator, to support individuals throughout their recovery journey.

While there are limited formal studies evaluating the effectiveness of SOS, many participants have reported positive experiences and success in overcoming addiction through the program. Key benefits of SOS include:

  1. A secular, inclusive approach that welcomes individuals of all backgrounds and beliefs.
  2. A strong emphasis on personal responsibility and empowerment, fostering self-reliance and resilience in recovery.
  3. A focus on practical strategies and tools to support sobriety and personal growth.
  4. A supportive, non-judgmental environment that encourages open communication and mutual support.

Secular Organizations for Sobriety provides a valuable alternative to traditional 12-step programs for individuals seeking a secular, self-empowering approach to addiction recovery. By focusing on personal responsibility, practical strategies, and a supportive community, SOS offers an inclusive and effective path to sobriety and a healthier life.

Moderation Management

Moderation Management (MM) is a non-profit organization founded in 1994, offering a behavioral change program and support network for individuals seeking to moderate or reduce their alcohol consumption. MM provides an alternative to abstinence-based recovery programs, emphasizing personal responsibility and self-management to achieve healthier drinking habits. The program is designed for those who do not identify as severely dependent on alcohol or who prefer a harm reduction approach.

MM follows a set of nine Steps of Change that encourage individuals to assess their drinking habits, set personal goals, and develop healthier behaviors. The steps include:

  1. Monitoring and self-assessment of drinking patterns.
  2. Exploring the reasons for wanting to change.
  3. Setting moderate drinking limits and goals.
  4. Learning and implementing self-management skills.
  5. Identifying and managing triggers and high-risk situations.
  6. Engaging in positive alternatives to drinking.
  7. Developing a support network.
  8. Evaluating progress and adjusting goals as needed.
  9. Maintaining moderation and healthy habits over time.

The MM ToolBox provides a variety of practical tools and resources to support individuals in their moderation journey, such as drink trackers, goal-setting worksheets, and self-assessment quizzes.

MM offers both in-person and online meetings. In-person meetings typically involve group discussions, sharing of personal experiences, and mutual support in achieving moderation goals. Online meetings are conducted through video conferencing, providing an accessible alternative for those unable to attend face-to-face sessions.

MM also offers various online resources, including literature, articles, online forums, and a meeting locator, to support individuals in their moderation journey.

Although there are limited formal studies evaluating the effectiveness of Moderation Management, many participants have reported success in reducing their alcohol consumption and achieving healthier drinking habits through the program. Key benefits of MM include:

  1. A harm reduction approach that focuses on moderation rather than complete abstinence.
  2. A strong emphasis on personal responsibility, goal-setting, and self-management.
  3. A supportive, non-judgmental environment that encourages open communication and mutual support.
  4. Practical tools and resources to help individuals track, assess, and adjust their drinking behaviors.

Moderation Management offers a unique alternative to traditional abstinence-based recovery programs, providing a supportive community and practical tools for individuals seeking to moderate or reduce their alcohol consumption. By emphasizing personal responsibility, self-management, and a harm reduction approach, MM can help individuals achieve healthier drinking habits and improved well-being.

The Phoenix

The Phoenix is a non-profit organization founded in 2006, offering a unique approach to addiction recovery by integrating physical fitness, social connection, and a supportive community. The program aims to help individuals overcome addiction by fostering personal growth, self-esteem, and resilience through fitness activities, group events, and a sense of belonging. The Phoenix is open to anyone with a minimum of 48 hours of sobriety and is free of charge, with the only requirement being a commitment to a sober lifestyle.

The Phoenix emphasizes the powerful role of physical fitness and community in the recovery process, offering a variety of fitness activities and events designed to promote personal growth, self-esteem, and overall well-being. By participating in regular exercise, individuals can experience numerous benefits, such as:

  1. Improved physical health and reduced risk of relapse.
  2. Increased mental and emotional resilience.
  3. Enhanced mood and reduced stress levels.
  4. A sense of accomplishment and boosted self-esteem.

The supportive community within The Phoenix encourages social connection, fostering a sense of belonging and mutual support among members. This sense of connection can be instrumental in overcoming addiction and maintaining long-term sobriety.

The Phoenix offers a wide range of in-person fitness events and activities, including CrossFit, yoga, running, hiking, and more. Members can participate in group classes or join group events, such as sober social gatherings and community service projects.

In addition to in-person activities, The Phoenix also provides online resources, such as virtual fitness classes, workshops, and an active online community where members can connect, share experiences, and support one another in their recovery journey.

While there are limited formal studies evaluating the effectiveness of The Phoenix, many participants have reported positive experiences and success in overcoming addiction through the program. Key benefits of The Phoenix include:

  1. A unique approach to recovery that integrates physical fitness, social connection, and personal growth.
  2. A wide variety of fitness activities and events, catering to diverse interests and fitness levels.
  3. A supportive, non-judgmental community that fosters a sense of belonging and mutual support.
  4. The promotion of overall well-being, self-esteem, and resilience through regular exercise and social interaction.

The Phoenix offers a novel and holistic approach to addiction recovery, combining physical fitness, social connection, and a supportive community to help individuals overcome addiction and build a healthier, more fulfilling life. For those seeking an alternative to traditional recovery programs, The Phoenix can provide a dynamic and empowering path to sobriety and personal growth.

Recovery Dharma

Recovery Dharma is a non-profit organization that offers a mindfulness-based, peer-led recovery program for individuals seeking to overcome addiction. Founded in 2019, Recovery Dharma utilizes Buddhist-inspired principles and practices to promote personal growth, self-awareness, and healing. The program is open to people recovering from various forms of addiction and encourages an inclusive, non-judgmental environment that fosters compassion and self-discovery.

Recovery Dharma is based on the core teachings of Buddhism, focusing on mindfulness, compassion, and self-awareness to support the recovery process. Key principles and practices of the program include:

  1. The Four Noble Truths: Acknowledging the existence of suffering, its causes, the possibility of liberation, and the path to freedom from addiction.
  2. The Eightfold Path: A practical guide to living a life of wisdom, ethical conduct, and mental development, leading to freedom from addiction and suffering.
  3. Meditation and mindfulness: Developing self-awareness and cultivating inner peace through various forms of meditation and mindfulness practices.
  4. Sangha (community): Fostering a supportive, compassionate community that encourages mutual growth, understanding, and connection.

Recovery Dharma offers both in-person and online meetings. In-person meetings typically involve group discussions, sharing of personal experiences, meditation practices, and reflection on Buddhist teachings. Online meetings are conducted through video conferencing, providing a convenient option for those unable to attend face-to-face sessions.

Recovery Dharma also provides various online resources, including literature, meditation guides, and an active online community where members can connect, share experiences, and support one another in their recovery journey.

While there are limited formal studies evaluating the effectiveness of Recovery Dharma, many participants have reported positive experiences and success in overcoming addiction through the program. Key benefits of Recovery Dharma include:

  1. A mindfulness-based approach that promotes self-awareness, personal growth, and healing.
  2. A strong emphasis on compassion, understanding, and non-judgment, fostering an inclusive and nurturing environment.
  3. The integration of meditation and mindfulness practices to support mental and emotional well-being.
  4. A supportive community that encourages connection, mutual growth, and a sense of belonging.

Recovery Dharma offers a unique, mindfulness-based approach to addiction recovery, drawing on Buddhist-inspired principles and practices to promote healing, self-awareness, and personal growth. By integrating meditation, compassionate support, and a strong community, Recovery Dharma can provide a powerful and transformative path to sobriety and well-being.

Recovery International

Recovery International (RI), formerly known as Recovery, Inc., is a non-profit, self-help mental health organization founded in 1937 by Dr. Abraham Low. The program offers a structured, cognitive-behavioral approach to improving emotional health and well-being for individuals struggling with various emotional and mental health challenges, including anxiety, depression, and stress, as well as those in addiction recovery. The goal of RI is to help participants develop self-management skills, build resilience, and lead healthier, more fulfilling lives.

Recovery International utilizes a cognitive-behavioral approach to support emotional health, focusing on the connection between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. The program aims to help individuals identify and challenge irrational thoughts, beliefs, and patterns that contribute to emotional distress. Key principles of the RI method include:

  1. Self-help: Encouraging individuals to take responsibility for their emotional well-being and actively engage in their recovery process.
  2. Cognitive restructuring: Identifying and modifying irrational thoughts and beliefs to reduce emotional distress and promote healthier behaviors.
  3. Coping techniques: Learning and applying practical tools and strategies to manage stress, anxiety, and other emotional challenges.
  4. Peer support: Providing a safe and supportive environment for individuals to share experiences, insights, and encouragement.

Recovery International offers both in-person and online meetings. In-person meetings typically involve group discussions, sharing of personal experiences, and the practice of cognitive-behavioral techniques. Online meetings are conducted through video conferencing, providing a convenient option for those unable to attend face-to-face sessions.

RI also provides various online resources, including literature, articles, and a meeting locator, to support individuals in their emotional health journey.

While there are limited formal studies evaluating the effectiveness of Recovery International, many participants have reported positive experiences and improved emotional health through the program. Key benefits of RI include:

  1. A structured, evidence-based approach to improving emotional health and well-being.
  2. A strong emphasis on self-help, personal responsibility, and resilience.
  3. Practical tools and techniques to manage stress, anxiety, and other emotional challenges.
  4. A supportive, non-judgmental environment that fosters connection, understanding, and personal growth.

Recovery International offers a valuable, evidence-based approach to supporting emotional health and well-being for individuals dealing with various mental health challenges, as well as those in addiction recovery. By focusing on cognitive-behavioral principles, self-help, and peer support, RI can help individuals develop the skills and resilience needed to lead healthier, more fulfilling lives.

Choosing the Right Alternative

When selecting an alternative support group for addiction recovery, it is essential to consider factors that align with your personal beliefs, needs, and circumstances. Some factors to consider include:

  1. Personal beliefs and values: Choose a support group that resonates with your beliefs and values, whether secular, spiritual, or religious. This alignment can provide a more meaningful and effective recovery experience.
  2. Individual needs and goals: Different support groups cater to various needs and goals, from abstinence to moderation, and from gender-specific to inclusive approaches. Select a group that aligns with your unique needs and recovery objectives.
  3. Availability and accessibility: Consider the availability of support groups in your area or the accessibility of online resources and meetings. Choosing a group that is easily accessible can help ensure consistent participation and support throughout your recovery journey.

It’s essential to recognize that not every support group will be the right fit for everyone. Trying multiple support groups can help you determine which approach works best for you and offers the support you need to succeed in your recovery. Experimenting with different groups can also provide valuable insights into various recovery strategies and help you create a personalized path to sobriety.

While personal research and exploration are crucial in finding the right support group, consulting with professionals, such as therapists, counselors, or medical providers, can also be beneficial. These professionals can offer guidance and recommendations based on their expertise and familiarity with various recovery programs. Involving a professional in the selection process can help ensure that you find a support group that aligns with your needs, goals, and circumstances, ultimately leading to a more successful and sustainable recovery journey.

Conclusion

As you embark on your journey toward recovery, it’s essential to remember that you don’t have to face it alone. Peer support plays a crucial role in overcoming addiction and maintaining sobriety. By engaging with others who share similar experiences and challenges, you can draw strength and inspiration from their successes and learn valuable lessons from their setbacks.

With the wide array of alternatives to 12-step programs available, you have the opportunity to explore different approaches and find the one that resonates most with you. Whether it’s a secular, spiritual, or even fitness-oriented support group, the key lies in finding a community that aligns with your values and fosters a sense of belonging.

As you navigate the path to recovery, be open to trying different support groups and seeking professional guidance when necessary. Remember that your recovery journey is a personal one, and finding the right support network can make all the difference in helping you build a healthier, happier, and more fulfilling life.

Struggling with an addiction?

I offer one-on-one virtual addiction counselling to clients in the US and Canada. If you want to lean more, you can send me a message here.

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